pfStat sur FreeBSD
Dans ce guide, nous allons voir l’installation de l’outil de statistiques pfStat, qui permet d’avoir des informations sur les paquets filtrés par le firewall pf (Packet Filter) de chez OpenBSD.
Installation de pfstat
Une fois de plus, nous installons l’outil depuis les sources :
$ cd /usr/ports/sysutils/pfstat/ $ make install clean
A l’issue de cette installation, deux programmes sont disponibles :
- pfstatd : permet la collecte des statistiques du Firewall pour interrogation depuis un hôte distant
- pfstat : permet la collecte directe des statistiques, pour génération de graphes
Nous allons utiliser pfstat pour générer directement les graphes sur la machines
Configuration de pfStat
Le fichier de configuration de pfstat est créé dans /usr/loca/etc/pfstat.conf. Il contient 3 sections :
- les graphes visualisant la bande passante
- les graphes sur les paquets bloqués / acceptés
- les graphes sur les compteurs de PF
######################################################################## # $Id : pfstat.conf, v1.0 2011/09/01 Ikare Exp $ # (c) Ikare - NeotechIII # Generte Graphs for evenstar Webserver PF ####################################################################### ## ====================================== ## ==== SECTION 1 - BANDE PASSANTE ## ====================================== collect 1 = interface "bge0" pass bytes in ipv4 diff collect 2 = interface "bge0" pass bytes out ipv4 diff collect 3 = global states entries image "/opt/www/pfstat/images/bandwidth-day.jpg" { from 1 days to now width 980 height 500 left graph 1 bps "in" "bits/s" color 0 192 0 filled, graph 2 bps "out" "bits/s" color 0 0 255 right graph 3 "states" "entries" color 192 192 0 } image "/opt/www/pfstat/images/bandwidth-week.jpg" { from 1 weeks to now width 980 height 500 left graph 1 bps "in" "bits/s" color 0 192 0 filled, graph 2 bps "out" "bits/s" color 0 0 255 right graph 3 "states" entries" color 192 192 0 } image "/opt/www/pfstat/images/bandwidth-month.jpg" { from 1 months to now width 980 height 500 left graph 1 bps "in" "bits/s" color 0 192 0 filled, graph 2 bps "out" "bits/s" color 0 0 255 right graph 3 "states" "entries" color 192 192 0 } image "/opt/www/pfstat/images//bandwidth-year.jpg" { from 1 years to now width 980 height 500 left graph 1 bps "in" "bits/s" color 0 192 0 filled, graph 2 bps "out" "bits/s" color 0 0 255 right graph 3 "states" "entries" color 192 192 0 } ## ====================================== ## ==== SECTION 1 - FIREWALL ## ====================================== collect 4 = interface "bge0" pass packets in ipv4 diff collect 5 = interface "bge0" pass packets out ipv4 diff collect 6 = interface "bge0" block packets in ipv4 diff collect 7 = interface "bge0" block packets out ipv4 diff image "/opt/www/pfstat/images/pfstat_bge0_packets_day.jpg" { from 1 days to now width 980 height 300 left graph 4 "SDSL pass in" "packets/s" color 0 192 0 filled, graph 5 "SDSL pass out" "packets/s" color 0 0 255 right graph 6 "ADSL block in" "packets/s" color 255 0 0, graph 7 "ADSl block out" "packets/s" color 192 192 0 } image "/opt/www/pfstat/images/pfstat_bge0_packets_week.jpg" { from 1 weeks to now width 980 height 300 left graph 4 "SDSl pass in" "packets/s" color 0 192 0 filled, graph 5 "SDSl pass out" "packets/s" color 0 0 255 right graph 6 "ADSl block in" "packets/s" color 255 0 0, graph 7 "ADSl block out" "packets/s" color 192 192 0 } image "/opt/www/pfstat/images/pfstat_bge0_packets_month.jpg" { from 1 months to now width 980 height 300 left graph 4 "SDSl pass in" "packets/s" color 0 192 0 filled, graph 5 "SDSl pass out" "packets/s" color 0 0 255 right graph 6 "ADSl block in" "packets/s" color 255 0 0, graph 7 "ADSl block out" "packets/s" color 192 192 0 } image "/opt/www/pfstat/images/pfstat_bge0_packets_year.jpg" { from 1 years to now width 980 height 300 left graph 4 "SDSl pass in" "packets/s" color 0 192 0 filled, graph 5 "SDSl pass out" "packets/s" color 0 0 255 right graph 6 "ADSl block in" "packets/s" color 255 0 0, graph 7 "ADSl block out" "packets/s" color 192 192 0 } ## ====================================== ## ==== SECTION 3 - COMPTEURS ## ====================================== collect 15 = global counters match diff collect 16 = global counters bad-offset diff collect 17 = global counters fragment diff collect 18 = global counters short diff collect 19 = global counters normalize diff collect 20 = global counters memory diff collect 21 = global counters bad-timestamp diff collect 22 = global counters congestion diff collect 23 = global counters ip-option diff collect 24 = global counters proto-cksum diff collect 25 = global counters state-mismatch diff collect 26 = global counters state-insert diff collect 27 = global counters state-limit diff collect 28 = global counters src-limit diff collect 29 = global counters synproxy diff image "/opt/www/pfstat/images/counters-day.jpg" { from 1 days to now width 980 height 500 left graph 17 "frag" "/s" color 192 0 192, graph 22 "cong" "/s" color 0 192 192, graph 23 "iopt" "/s" color 0 0 255, graph 24 "csum" "/s" color 192 192 0, graph 25 "mism" "/s" color 255 0 0 # others are usually all zero here right graph 15 "match" "/s" color 0 192 0 } image "/opt/www/pfstat/images/counters-week.jpg" { from 1 weeks to now width 980 height 500 left graph 17 "frag" "/s" color 192 0 192, graph 22 "cong" "/s" color 0 192 192, graph 23 "iopt" "/s" color 0 0 255, graph 24 "csum" "/s" color 192 192 0, graph 25 "mism" "/s" color 255 0 0 # others are usually all zero here right graph 15 "match" "/s" color 0 192 0 } image "/opt/www/pfstat/images/counters-month.jpg" { from 1 months to now width 980 height 500 left graph 17 "frag" "/s" color 192 0 192, graph 22 "cong" "/s" color 0 192 192, graph 23 "iopt" "/s" color 0 0 255, graph 24 "csum" "/s" color 192 192 0, graph 25 "mism" "/s" color 255 0 0 # others are usually all zero here right graph 15 "match" "/s" color 0 192 0 } image "/opt/www/pfstat/images/counters-year.jpg" { from 1 years to now width 980 height 500 left graph 17 "frag" "/s" color 192 0 192, graph 22 "cong" "/s" color 0 192 192, graph 23 "iopt" "/s" color 0 0 255, graph 24 "csum" "/s" color 192 192 0, graph 25 "mism" "/s" color 255 0 0 # others are usually all zero here right graph 15 "match" "/s" color 0 192 0 }
Ce fichier de configuration va donc générer des images dans le répertoire /opt/www/pfstat/images, répertoire accessible par Apache.
Automatisation de la génération
Un petit crontab :
#PFSTAT ->collect pflog data * * * * * /usr/local/bin/pfstat -q -d /var/db/pfstat.db #PFSTAT -> clear data from 30 days 25 3 * * * /usr/local/bin/pfstat -t 30 -d /var/db/pfstat.db #PFSTAT -> generate graphs DAILY 55 23 * * * /usr/local/bin/pfstat -p -d /var/db/pfstat.db
Visualisation des graphes via le Web
Ajoutons un petit alias dans la configuration d’Apache :
Alias /pfstat /opt/www/pfstat DocumentRoot "/opt/www/pfstat" DirectoryIndex index.html Order deny,allow Allow from all Satisfy Any
Créons la page de présentation des statistiques /opt/www/pfstat/index.html
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-15"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <title>Statistiques du Firewall du serveur </title> </head> <body> <h1>Bande passante sur bge0 - Interface WAN SDSL</h1> <h2>Jour</h2> <img src="images/bandwidth-day.jpg" alt="" /> <h2>Semaine</h2> <img src="images/bandwidth-month.jpg" alt="" /> <h2>Mois</h2> <img src="images/bandwidth-week.jpg" alt="" /> <h2>Ann\\xe9e</h2> <img src="images/bandwidth-year.jpg" alt="" /> <h1>Packets sur bge0</h1> <h2>Jour</h2> <img src="images/pfstat_bge0_packets_day.jpg" alt="" /> <h2>Semaine</h2> <img src="images/pfstat_bge0_packets_month.jpg" alt="" /> <h2>Mois</h2> <img src="images/pfstat_bge0_packets_week.jpg" alt="" /> <h2>Ann\\xe9e</h2> <img src="images/pfstat_bge0_packets_year.jpg" alt="" /> <h1>Compteurs sur bge0</h1> <h2>Jour</h2> <img src="images/counters-day.jpg" alt="" /> <h2>Semaine</h2> <img src="images/counters-month.jpg" alt="" /> <h2>Mois</h2> <img src="images/counters-week.jpg" alt="" /> <h2>Annee</h2> </body> </html>
C’est parti : les statistiques sont disponibles à l’adresse : http://oser.neotech3.org/pfstat/
Note : vous devriez détecter une tentative de scan important sur les graphiques, lancée volontairement pour illustrer le guide.
PLUS D’INFOS sur : http://www.benzedrine.cx/pfstat.html